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Addition of chemical fertilizers claims ...

Addition of chemical fertilizers claims increased irrigation to avoid development of

A

(a) excessive solute potential in soil

B

(b) air spaces that may cause oxidation of fertilizers

C

(c) bacteria that may decompose useful salts

D

(d) larger root caps on the tender tips of branches of roots

Text Solution

AI Generated Solution

The correct Answer is:
**Step-by-Step Solution:** 1. **Understanding the Impact of Chemical Fertilizers:** - Chemical fertilizers, when added to the soil, can lead to an increase in solute concentration. This causes the solute potential of the soil to rise. **Hint:** Consider how solute concentration affects water movement in plants. 2. **Plasmolysis in Plant Cells:** - The increase in solute potential in the soil leads to a phenomenon known as plasmolysis in plant cells. Plasmolysis occurs when water moves out of the plant cells to balance the solute concentration, causing the cells to shrink. **Hint:** Think about the relationship between solute potential and water movement in plant cells. 3. **Consequences of Plasmolysis:** - Plasmolysis can be harmful to plants as it affects their ability to perform essential functions like photosynthesis. Additionally, excessive fertilizer can cause root burn, damaging the roots. **Hint:** Reflect on how root health is crucial for overall plant health. 4. **Increased Irrigation as a Solution:** - To counteract the effects of high solute potential in the soil, increased irrigation is employed. Adding more water dilutes the solute concentration, thereby reducing the solute potential and allowing water to move back into the plant cells. **Hint:** Consider how adding water can help restore balance in the plant's internal environment. 5. **Conclusion - Answer Selection:** - Based on the discussion, the addition of chemical fertilizers leads to an increase in soil solute potential, and increased irrigation is necessary to avoid the development of excessive soil solute potential. Therefore, the correct answer is **A) excessive soil solute potential**. **Hint:** Review the options provided and eliminate those that do not directly relate to the effects of chemical fertilizers and irrigation. ---
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