Two genetically related species having distinct non overlapping geographical area are

Options

A. (a) Allopatric species
B. (b) Sympatric species
C. (c) Taxonomic species
D. (d) Biological species

Answer

To solve the question regarding two genetically related species having distinct non-overlapping geographical areas, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Terms**:
- The question refers to "genetically related species" which implies that these species share a common ancestor.
- "Distinct non-overlapping geographical area" indicates that these species do not inhabit the same geographical region, leading to geographical isolation.

2. **Identifying the Type of Speciation**:
- The concept of geographical isolation leads us to the idea of speciation. When species are geographically isolated, they cannot interbreed, which can lead to the evolution of new species over time.
- This process is known as **allopatric speciation**.

3. **Examples of Allopatric Speciation**:
- A classic example of allopatric speciation is the **Galapagos finches** studied by Charles Darwin. These finches evolved into different species on different islands, adapting to their unique environments and food sources.

4. **Differentiating from Other Types of Speciation**:
- **Sympatric speciation** occurs when species evolve from a common ancestor while inhabiting the same geographical area, which is not applicable here since the question specifies non-overlapping areas.
- **Taxonomic species** and **biological species** are classifications that do not specifically address geographical isolation.

5. **Conclusion**:
- Given the definitions and examples, the correct answer to the question is **allopatric species**, as they are genetically related but occupy distinct non-overlapping geographical areas.

### Final Answer:
The two genetically related species having distinct non-overlapping geographical areas are referred to as **allopatric species**.

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