By the reaction of `alpha`- ketoglutaric acid with ammonia, through which of the process glutamic acid is formed?

Options

A. oxidative amination
B. reductive amination
C. ammonification
D. transamination

Answer

To determine the process by which glutamic acid is formed from the reaction of alpha-ketoglutaric acid with ammonia, we can analyze the options provided: oxidative amination, reductive amination, ammonification, and transamination.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Reactants**: The reactants in this case are alpha-ketoglutaric acid and ammonia (NH3).

2. **Understand the Reaction**: The reaction involves the conversion of alpha-ketoglutaric acid into glutamic acid through the addition of ammonia.

3. **Determine the Process**:
- **Oxidative Amination**: This process typically involves the conversion of an amino acid to a keto acid, which is not relevant here.
- **Reductive Amination**: This is the process where an amino group is added to a keto acid (in this case, alpha-ketoglutaric acid) to form an amino acid (glutamic acid). This process is facilitated by the enzyme glutamate dehydrogenase.
- **Ammonification**: This refers to the conversion of organic nitrogen into ammonia, which is not applicable here.
- **Transamination**: This involves the transfer of an amino group from one amino acid to a keto acid, which does not apply to the direct formation of glutamic acid from alpha-ketoglutaric acid and ammonia.

4. **Conclusion**: The correct process by which glutamic acid is formed from the reaction of alpha-ketoglutaric acid with ammonia is **reductive amination**.

### Final Answer:
Glutamic acid is formed from the reaction of alpha-ketoglutaric acid with ammonia through the process of **reductive amination**.

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