Which one of the following processes results in the formation of clone of bacteria ?

Options

A. Binary fission
B. Conjugation
C. Transformation
D. Transduction

Answer

To determine which process results in the formation of a clone of bacteria, we need to analyze the options provided: binary fission, conjugation, transformation, and transduction.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Cloning in Bacteria**:
- Cloning in bacteria refers to the process where a single parent cell divides to produce genetically identical offspring. This means that the daughter cells are clones of the parent cell.

2. **Evaluating the Options**:
- **Binary Fission**: This is an asexual reproduction process where a single bacterial cell divides into two identical daughter cells. The genetic material is replicated and equally distributed, resulting in clones.
- **Conjugation**: This process involves the transfer of genetic material (usually plasmids) between bacteria through direct contact. This does not result in clones, as it introduces genetic variation.
- **Transformation**: In this process, bacteria take up free DNA from their environment. This also leads to genetic variation and does not produce clones.
- **Transduction**: This is the transfer of DNA from one bacterium to another via bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria). Similar to conjugation and transformation, this introduces genetic variation rather than producing clones.

3. **Conclusion**:
- The only process that results in the formation of clones (genetically identical cells) is **binary fission**. Therefore, the correct answer is **option A: binary fission**.