Which of the following statements about he female reproductive system are true (+) or false (-)?
1. Both FSH and LH are necessary for ovulation to take place.
2. Oestrogen tends to inhibit the production of FSH by the anterior pituitary gland.
3. Fertilization of the ovum by the spermatozoa normally takes place in the uterus.
4. Progesterone production is largely under the control of LH
5. Throughout the part of the menstrual cycle that follows ovulation, there is a slight rise in body temperature.

Options

A. `++ -++`
B. `--+++`
C. `-+ -+ -`
D. `++ ---`

Answer

To determine the truthfulness of the statements regarding the female reproductive system, we will analyze each statement one by one.

**Step 1: Analyze Statement 1**
- Statement: "Both FSH and LH are necessary for ovulation to take place."
- Explanation: Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) is essential for the development of ovarian follicles, while Luteinizing Hormone (LH) is crucial for triggering ovulation. Therefore, both hormones are necessary for ovulation.
- Conclusion: This statement is **True (+)**.

**Step 2: Analyze Statement 2**
- Statement: "Oestrogen tends to inhibit the production of FSH by the anterior pituitary gland."
- Explanation: After ovulation, the ovaries produce oestrogen, which indeed inhibits the production of FSH from the anterior pituitary gland. This prevents the development of new follicles during the luteal phase.
- Conclusion: This statement is **True (+)**.

**Step 3: Analyze Statement 3**
- Statement: "Fertilization of the ovum by the spermatozoa normally takes place in the uterus."
- Explanation: Fertilization actually occurs in the fallopian tubes (oviducts), not in the uterus. The uterus is where the fertilized egg implants and develops.
- Conclusion: This statement is **False (-)**.

**Step 4: Analyze Statement 4**
- Statement: "Progesterone production is largely under the control of LH."
- Explanation: LH stimulates the corpus luteum to produce progesterone after ovulation, indicating that progesterone production is indeed regulated by LH.
- Conclusion: This statement is **True (+)**.

**Step 5: Analyze Statement 5**
- Statement: "Throughout the part of the menstrual cycle that follows ovulation, there is a slight rise in body temperature."
- Explanation: After ovulation, there is a slight increase in basal body temperature due to the effects of progesterone. This is a known physiological change in the menstrual cycle.
- Conclusion: This statement is **True (+)**.

**Final Summary of Statements:**
1. True (+)
2. True (+)
3. False (-)
4. True (+)
5. True (+)

**Final Answer:**
- Statement 1: True (+)
- Statement 2: True (+)
- Statement 3: False (-)
- Statement 4: True (+)
- Statement 5: True (+)