Which is the correct sequence? (A) Algae → pteridophytes → gymnosperms (B) Bryophytes → angiosperms (C) Pteridophytes → algae (D) Algae → Bryophytes → Pteriodophytes →gymnosperms

Options

A. algae `rarr` pteridophytes `rarr` gymnosperms
B. bryophytes `rarr` angiosperms
C. pteridophytes `rarr` algae
D. algae `rarr` bryophytes `rarr` pteriodophytes `rarr` gymnosperms

Answer

To determine the correct sequence of plant evolution from the given options, we need to understand the evolutionary progression of plants. Here’s a step-by-step breakdown of the solution:

### Step 1: Identify the Groups of Plants
- **Algae**: These are simple, non-vascular plants that belong to the group Thallophyta. They are considered the earliest forms of plant life.
- **Bryophytes**: These are non-vascular plants that include mosses and liverworts. They evolved from algae and are often referred to as amphibian plants due to their need for water for reproduction.
- **Pteridophytes**: These are vascular plants that include ferns. They have a more complex structure than bryophytes and reproduce via spores.
- **Gymnosperms**: These are vascular plants that produce seeds that are not enclosed in an ovary (naked seeds). They include conifers.
- **Angiosperms**: These are the most advanced plants that produce flowers and seeds enclosed within a fruit.

### Step 2: Analyze Each Option
- **Option (A)**: Algae → Pteridophytes → Gymnosperms
- This sequence is incorrect because it skips Bryophytes, which evolved before Pteridophytes.

- **Option (B)**: Bryophytes → Angiosperms
- This sequence is also incorrect as it skips Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms in the evolutionary timeline.

- **Option (C)**: Pteridophytes → Algae
- This sequence is incorrect because it suggests that Pteridophytes evolved before Algae, which is not true.

- **Option (D)**: Algae → Bryophytes → Pteridophytes → Gymnosperms
- This sequence is correct as it follows the evolutionary progression from simple to more complex plants.

### Conclusion
The correct sequence of plant evolution is:
**(D) Algae → Bryophytes → Pteridophytes → Gymnosperms**