Resemblance between widely different groups due to a common adaptation is

Options

A. parallel evolution
B. divergent evolution
C. convergent evolution
D. retrogressive evolution

Answer

To solve the question regarding the resemblance between widely different groups due to a common adaptation, we can analyze the different types of evolutionary processes mentioned: parallel evolution, divergent evolution, convergent evolution, and retrogressive evolution.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Question**: The question asks about the resemblance between widely different groups that arises from a common adaptation. We need to identify the correct evolutionary term that describes this phenomenon.

2. **Defining Parallel Evolution**:
- Parallel evolution refers to the independent evolution of similar traits in different species that share a common ancestor. However, these species evolve independently from each other.
- **Hint**: Think of parallel lines that never meet; they evolve similarly but independently.

3. **Defining Divergent Evolution**:
- Divergent evolution occurs when new forms of life develop from a common ancestor. This involves species that may look different because they have adapted to different environments or niches.
- **Hint**: Imagine a tree branching out; the branches represent different species evolving from a common trunk.

4. **Defining Convergent Evolution**:
- Convergent evolution is the process where organisms from different evolutionary backgrounds develop similar traits or adaptations in response to similar environmental challenges. This results in resemblance among widely different groups.
- **Hint**: Picture two different species adapting to the same environment and developing similar features, like wings in birds and bats.

5. **Defining Retrogressive Evolution**:
- Retrogressive evolution refers to the process where complex forms of life evolve from simpler ones, often losing certain traits over time.
- **Hint**: Think of a simplification process, where complexity reduces rather than increases.

6. **Conclusion**: Based on the definitions, the resemblance between widely different groups due to a common adaptation is best described by **convergent evolution**. This is because it specifically refers to different groups developing similar traits due to adapting to similar environments, despite their different evolutionary backgrounds.

### Final Answer:
The resemblance between widely different groups due to a common adaptation is called **convergent evolution**.