The earliest site where human civilization and crop cultivation started was presumably:

Options

A. around capspian and mediterranean seas
B. around river Nile
C. chinese river valley
D. All of the above

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Question**: The question asks for the earliest site where human civilization and crop cultivation started. We need to identify a geographical location that is historically recognized for the beginnings of agriculture and civilization.

2. **Historical Context**: Human civilization began to develop significantly during the Stone Age when people transitioned from a nomadic lifestyle of hunting and gathering to settled agricultural practices. This shift allowed for the domestication of plants and animals.

3. **Agricultural Development**: The development of agriculture is crucial to the establishment of civilization. It is noted that between 8000 BC and 3500 BC, there was a significant increase in the number of humans relying on cultivated crops, indicating the rise of farming communities.

4. **Geographical Focus**: The Middle East is recognized as one of the earliest regions where agriculture began. This area includes the Fertile Crescent, which is known for its rich soil and favorable climate for crop cultivation.

5. **Evaluating Options**:
- Option 1: Around the Capsian and Mediterranean Sea - This is located in the Middle East and is a correct answer.
- Option 2: River Nile - While significant, it is not the earliest site for civilization and crop cultivation.
- Option 3: Chinese river valley - This is also not the earliest site.
- Option 4: All of the above - This cannot be correct since not all options are valid.

6. **Conclusion**: Based on the historical context and geographical evaluation, the correct answer is that the earliest site where human civilization and crop cultivation started was around the Capsian and Mediterranean Sea.

**Final Answer**: The earliest site where human civilization and crop cultivation started was presumably around the Capsian and Mediterranean Sea.

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