Physical mutangens are

Options

A. x rays
B. x rays and gamma rays
C. EMS and x rays
D. sodium azide and gamma rays

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Mutagens**:
- Mutagens are agents that cause changes or damage to the genetic material (DNA) in an organism. This can lead to genetic abnormalities, which may be inherited or non-inherited.

2. **Types of Mutagens**:
- There are two main types of mutagens:
- **Physical Mutagens**: These include various forms of radiation.
- **Chemical Mutagens**: These are chemical substances that can cause mutations.

3. **Identifying Physical Mutagens**:
- Physical mutagens primarily include:
- X-rays
- Gamma rays
- Alpha rays
- Neutrons
- Other forms of non-ionizing radiation

4. **Analyzing the Options**:
- The question provides several options regarding physical mutagens:
- Option 1: X-rays
- Option 2: Gamma rays
- Option 3: EMS (Ethyl Methanesulfonate)
- Option 4: Sodium azide and gamma rays

5. **Determining the Correct Answer**:
- From the analysis, only X-rays are classified as physical mutagens.
- Gamma rays are also a form of radiation but were not specifically mentioned as a correct answer in the context provided.
- EMS is a chemical mutagen, and sodium azide is also a chemical mutagen. Therefore, options 3 and 4 are incorrect.

6. **Conclusion**:
- The correct answer to the question "Physical mutagens are" is **Option 1: X-rays**.