Which is used in gene cloning

Options

A. nucleoids
B. lomasomes
C. mesosomes
D. plasmids

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Options**: The question asks which of the provided options is used in gene cloning. The options given are nucleoids, lomasomes, mesosomes, and plasmids.

2. **Analyzing Nucleoids**: Nucleoids are irregularly shaped structures found in prokaryotic cells. They contain most of the genetic material of the cell but are not used for gene cloning.

3. **Analyzing Lomasomes**: Lomasomes are structures identified in some fungal hyphae and are involved in spore production. They are not related to gene cloning.

4. **Analyzing Mesosomes**: Mesosomes are invaginations of the plasma membrane in bacteria. They are associated with cellular processes but do not play a role in gene cloning.

5. **Analyzing Plasmids**: Plasmids are small, circular, extra-chromosomal DNA molecules found in bacteria. They can replicate independently of chromosomal DNA and are commonly used as vectors in gene cloning and recombinant DNA technology.

6. **Conclusion**: Based on the analysis, the correct answer is **plasmids**, as they are specifically utilized in gene cloning processes.

### Final Answer: Plasmids

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