Microorganisms can be grown in the bioreactors by

Options

A. support growth system
B. agitated growth system
C. suspended growth system
D. both (1) and (3)

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Bioreactors**: Bioreactors are specialized vessels designed for controlled biological reactions. They provide an environment where microorganisms can grow and produce desired products.

2. **Nutrient Media**: For microorganisms to thrive, they require a nutrient-rich medium. This medium supplies the necessary nutrients for their growth and development.

3. **Growth Methods**: There are different methods to grow microorganisms in bioreactors:
- **Suspended Growth System**: In this method, microorganisms are suspended in the nutrient medium. The nutrients are evenly distributed throughout the liquid, allowing microorganisms to absorb them as they grow.
- **Support Growth System**: This method involves a solid support where microorganisms can attach and grow. The nutrient medium is provided in a way that the microorganisms can consume it from the surface of the support.

4. **Conclusion**: Both the suspended growth system and the support growth system are effective methods for cultivating microorganisms in bioreactors. Therefore, the correct answer is that microorganisms can be grown in bioreactors by both methods.

**Final Answer**: Microorganisms can be grown in bioreactors by both the suspended growth system and the support growth system.

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