Integrated pest management stands for

Options

A. biological control
B. chemical control
C. host plant resistance
D. integration of all three.

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Integrated Pest Management (IPM):**
- Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is a comprehensive approach to managing pests that combines various strategies and practices to minimize pest damage while reducing the reliance on chemical pesticides.

2. **Identifying Components of IPM:**
- IPM includes multiple strategies:
- **Biological Control:** Utilizing natural predators or parasites to control pest populations.
- **Chemical Control:** The use of pesticides to manage pest populations.
- **Host Plant Resistance:** Developing or selecting plant varieties that are resistant to pests.

3. **Evaluating the Options:**
- The question provides four options:
- Option 1: Biological control
- Option 2: Chemical control
- Option 3: Host plant resistance
- Option 4: Integration of all three
- Each of the first three options represents a valid component of pest management.

4. **Conclusion:**
- Since Integrated Pest Management incorporates all three strategies (biological control, chemical control, and host plant resistance), the correct answer is **Option 4: Integration of all three**.

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