Putrefying organisms are

Options

A. producer organisms
B. reducer organisms
C. consumer organisms
D. parasitic organisms

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Putrefying Organisms**:
- Putrefying organisms are those that participate in the process of putrefaction, which involves the breakdown of dead organic matter.

2. **Defining Putrefaction**:
- Putrefaction is a type of decomposition that specifically refers to the breakdown of dead organisms. During this process, these organisms utilize substances such as amino acids and urea as their energy sources.

3. **Role of Putrefying Organisms**:
- These organisms, primarily bacteria and other microorganisms, decompose dead organic matter, leading to the production of ammonium ions.

4. **Production of Ammonium Ions**:
- As putrefying organisms break down proteins and other compounds, they release ammonium ions into the environment.

5. **Further Conversion by Nitrifying Bacteria**:
- The ammonium ions produced by putrefying organisms are then converted into nitrates by nitrifying bacteria, playing a crucial role in the nitrogen cycle.

6. **Identifying the Correct Classification**:
- Now, we need to classify putrefying organisms among the given options:
- **Producer organisms**: Incorrect, as they do not produce their own food.
- **Reducer organisms**: Correct, as they reduce complex organic materials into simpler forms (ammonium ions).
- **Consumer organisms**: Incorrect, as they do not consume living organisms.
- **Parasitic organisms**: Incorrect, as they do not derive nutrients from living hosts.

7. **Conclusion**:
- Based on the above analysis, the correct answer is that putrefying organisms are **reducer organisms**.