Primary succession is development of communities on

Options

A. Cleared forest area
B. Previously unoccupied sites
C. Freshly harvested crop field
D. Pond filled after a day season

Answer

**Step-by-Step Text Solution:**

1. **Understanding Succession**: Succession refers to the process of change in the species structure of an ecological community over time. It typically starts from a barren or disturbed environment and progresses towards a stable climax community.

2. **Types of Succession**: There are two main types of succession:
- **Primary Succession**: This occurs in lifeless areas where there was no previous soil or biological community, such as bare rock or newly formed volcanic islands. It starts from scratch.
- **Secondary Succession**: This occurs in areas where a disturbance has destroyed an existing community but left the soil intact, such as after a forest fire or human activities like deforestation.

3. **Identifying Primary Succession**: To determine if an area is undergoing primary succession, we look for locations that were previously unoccupied by any biological community. Examples include:
- Bare rock exposed after a glacier melts.
- Areas after a volcanic eruption where lava has cooled.

4. **Analyzing the Options**:
- **Cleared forest area**: This is an example of secondary succession because there was a previous forest that was cleared.
- **Previously unoccupied site**: This is the correct answer for primary succession, as it indicates an area that has not been previously occupied by any community.
- **Freshly harvested crop field**: This represents secondary succession since crops were previously grown there.
- **Pond filled after dry season**: This also indicates secondary succession because the pond existed before and was temporarily dry.

5. **Conclusion**: Based on the analysis, the correct answer to the question "Primary succession is the development of communities on" is **"previously unoccupied sites."**

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