Secondary succession takes place on/in

Options

A. degraded forest
B. Newly created pond
C. newly cooled lava
D. Bare rock

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution

1. **Understand the Concept of Secondary Succession**:
- Secondary succession is the process of ecosystem regrowth that occurs after a disturbance. This disturbance can be caused by events such as fires, floods, deforestation, or human activities that clear land.

2. **Identify the Options**:
- The options provided are:
- a) Degraded forest
- b) Newly created pond
- c) Newly cooled lava
- d) Bare rock

3. **Analyze Each Option**:
- **Option a: Degraded forest**: This is a suitable environment for secondary succession because it has been disturbed (e.g., by fire or deforestation) but still retains some soil and possibly some organisms, allowing for regrowth.
- **Option b: Newly created pond**: This represents a primary succession scenario, as it is a new habitat that has not previously supported life.
- **Option c: Newly cooled lava**: This is also an example of primary succession, as it starts from bare rock with no soil.
- **Option d: Bare rock**: Similar to the newly cooled lava, this is a primary succession scenario where life has to start from scratch.

4. **Determine the Correct Answer**:
- Since secondary succession occurs in areas that have been disturbed but still retain some soil and biological remnants, the correct answer is **option a: degraded forest**.

### Final Answer:
Secondary succession takes place on **degraded forest**.

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