Taj Mahal is being damaged by

Options

A. air pollution from Mathura rafinary
B. Yamuna water
C. nuclear pollution and railway yard
D. (1) and (2) both

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Introduction to Taj Mahal**:
- The Taj Mahal is a significant historical monument located in Agra, India. It was built by Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his wife, Mumtaz Mahal, and is recognized as one of the Seven Wonders of the World.

2. **Identify the Cause of Damage**:
- The primary cause of damage to the Taj Mahal is pollution, specifically air pollution.

3. **Source of Air Pollution**:
- The Mathura refinery, located near Agra, is a major source of air pollution. It releases sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere.

4. **Impact of Sulfur Dioxide**:
- Sulfur dioxide contributes to the formation of acid rain. When acid rain falls on the Taj Mahal, it reacts with the marble, leading to discoloration.

5. **Resulting Damage**:
- The white marble of the Taj Mahal is turning yellow due to the effects of acid rain, which is a direct consequence of the air pollution from the Mathura refinery.

6. **Other Factors**:
- While there are other environmental factors, such as water pollution in the Yamuna River, they do not significantly affect the Taj Mahal compared to air pollution.

7. **Conclusion**:
- In summary, the major cause of damage to the Taj Mahal is air pollution from the Mathura refinery, which leads to acid rain and subsequent discoloration of the monument.