Dikaryotization (n+n) in Agaricus is brought about by

Options

A. clamp connections
B. somatogamy between two hyphae of different strains
C. both correct
D. basidiospores

Answer

To answer the question regarding how dikaryotization (n+n) occurs in Agaricus, we can break down the process into clear steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Agaricus**:
- Agaricus is a genus of mushrooms, which includes species like Agaricus bisporus (common button mushroom).
- The mature plant body consists of a vegetative mycelium that grows in the soil and a sporophore that emerges above the soil.

**Hint**: Remember that Agaricus is a type of mushroom, and its structure includes mycelium and sporophores.

2. **Structure of Mycelium**:
- The vegetative mycelium is made up of filamentous structures called hyphae.
- Initially, these hyphae are uninucleate (containing one nucleus).

**Hint**: Focus on the structure of mycelium and its components, especially hyphae.

3. **Formation of Hyphae**:
- The hyphae originate from basidiospores, which are produced during the reproductive phase of the fungus.
- As the hyphae grow, they can be of two types: one with a positive strain and the other with a negative strain.

**Hint**: Recall that basidiospores are crucial for the development of hyphae.

4. **Somatogamy**:
- When the positive and negative strains of hyphae come into contact, a process called somatogamy occurs.
- During somatogamy, the nuclei from one hypha move into the other, leading to the formation of a dikaryotic cell (n+n).

**Hint**: Somatogamy is the key process that leads to dikaryotization.

5. **Dikaryotic Mycelium**:
- After somatogamy, the resulting mycelium is dikaryotic, meaning it contains two distinct nuclei (one from each parent).
- This dikaryotic mycelium can then undergo further growth and development.

**Hint**: Understand the significance of dikaryotic mycelium in the life cycle of fungi.

6. **Clamp Connections**:
- The dikaryotic mycelium utilizes structures known as clamp connections during cell division.
- Clamp connections help maintain the dikaryotic state by ensuring that each daughter cell retains both nuclei.

**Hint**: Clamp connections are essential for the stability of dikaryotic mycelium.

### Final Answer:
Dikaryotization (n+n) in Agaricus is brought about by somatogamy and the formation of clamp connections.