Which one of the following is not included
under in situ conservation?

Options

A. National Park
B. Wild life sanctuary
C. Zoological garden
D. Biosphere reserve

Answer

To determine which option is not included under in situ conservation, we need to understand the definitions and differences between in situ and ex situ conservation methods.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Define In Situ Conservation**:
In situ conservation refers to the conservation of species in their natural habitats. This means protecting the organisms in the environment where they naturally occur.

2. **Identify Examples of In Situ Conservation**:
Common examples of in situ conservation include:
- **National Parks**: Protected areas established to conserve wildlife and their habitats.
- **Wildlife Sanctuaries**: Areas designated for the protection of animals and their habitats.
- **Biosphere Reserves**: Areas that promote the conservation of biodiversity and cultural diversity through sustainable use of natural resources.

3. **Define Ex Situ Conservation**:
Ex situ conservation refers to the conservation of species outside their natural habitats. This includes practices where organisms are taken out of their natural environment to be preserved.

4. **Identify Examples of Ex Situ Conservation**:
Common examples of ex situ conservation include:
- **Zoological Gardens (Zoos)**: Facilities where animals are kept in captivity for conservation, education, and research purposes.
- **Botanical Gardens**: Gardens that cultivate a variety of plant species for conservation and education.

5. **Analyze the Options**:
The options provided are:
- National Park
- Wildlife Sanctuary
- Zoological Gardens
- Biosphere Reserves

Among these, the **Zoological Gardens** is the only option that represents ex situ conservation, as it involves keeping animals outside their natural habitats.

6. **Conclusion**:
Therefore, the answer to the question "Which one of the following is not included under in situ conservation?" is **Zoological Gardens**.