Hepatic portal vein is found in

Options

A. Herdmania
B. Vertebrates
C. Branchiostoma
D. (2) and (3)

Answer

To answer the question "Hepatic portal vein is found in," we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand the Hepatic Portal Vein**: The hepatic portal vein is a blood vessel that carries blood from the gastrointestinal tract and spleen to the liver. This unique connection allows the liver to process nutrients and detoxify substances before they enter the systemic circulation.

2. **Identify the Organ Systems Involved**: The hepatic portal vein connects the digestive system (intestines) and the liver. This connection is crucial for the metabolism of nutrients absorbed from food.

3. **Recognize the Types of Circulatory Systems**: In animals, there are two primary types of circulatory systems: pulmonary circulation (involving the lungs) and systemic circulation (involving the rest of the body). The hepatic portal vein represents a unique connection that is not part of these two systems but serves a specific function.

4. **Determine the Presence in Animal Groups**: The hepatic portal vein is primarily found in vertebrates, which include mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fish. It is also present in some invertebrates, such as the branchiostoma (a type of cephalochordate).

5. **Conclude the Answer**: Based on the information gathered, we conclude that the hepatic portal vein is found in vertebrates and branchiostomata (cephalochordates).

### Final Answer:
The hepatic portal vein is found in vertebrates and branchiostomata.

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