Small fish get stuck near the bottom of a shark and derives its nutrition from it. This kind of association is called as :

Options

A. symbiosis
B. commensalism
C. predation
D. parasitism

Answer

To answer the question regarding the type of association where small fish get stuck near the bottom of a shark and derive their nutrition from it, we can break down the solution into the following steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Relationship**:
- The small fish is living in close proximity to the shark and is benefiting from the shark without harming it. The small fish gets food particles that are released by the shark when it eats.

2. **Identifying the Type of Association**:
- In biological terms, this type of relationship is characterized by one organism benefiting while the other is neither helped nor harmed.

3. **Defining Commensalism**:
- This specific type of relationship is known as commensalism. In commensalism, one species benefits (the small fish) while the other (the shark) remains unaffected.

4. **Differentiating from Other Relationships**:
- It is important to distinguish this from other types of relationships:
- **Mutualism**: Both species benefit (e.g., lichens).
- **Predation**: One species benefits at the expense of another (e.g., a lion and a deer).
- **Parasitism**: One species benefits while the other is harmed (e.g., a tapeworm in a host).

5. **Conclusion**:
- Therefore, the correct answer to the question is that the association between the small fish and the shark is called **commensalism**.

### Final Answer:
The association is called **commensalism**.

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