Outside mammals, diaphragm is also present in

Options

A. crocodiles
B. birds
C. fishes
D. toads

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Diaphragm**: The diaphragm is a muscular organ that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity. It plays a crucial role in the respiratory process by helping to facilitate breathing.

2. **Function of the Diaphragm**: In mammals, the diaphragm contracts and relaxes to create changes in pressure within the thoracic cavity. When it contracts, it moves downward, increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity and allowing air to be drawn into the lungs. When it relaxes, it moves upward, decreasing the volume and pushing air out of the lungs.

3. **Presence in Mammals**: The diaphragm is a characteristic feature of all mammals, which means that all mammals possess this muscular structure for respiration.

4. **Looking for Exceptions**: The question asks for organisms outside of mammals that also possess a diaphragm. While many animals do not have a diaphragm, there are exceptions.

5. **Identifying the Exception**: One notable exception is crocodiles. Crocodiles have a muscular diaphragm that is similar to that of mammals, allowing them to have a more efficient respiratory system compared to other reptiles.

6. **Conclusion**: Therefore, outside of mammals, the diaphragm is also present in crocodiles.

### Final Answer:
Outside mammals, the diaphragm is also present in **crocodiles**.

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