The metabolism of glucose is regulated by a complex orchestration of hormones. All of the following endocrine products increase blood glucose concentration except

Options

A. Epinephrine
B. Glucagon
C. Calcitonin
D. Cortisol

Answer

To solve the question regarding which endocrine product does not increase blood glucose concentration, we can analyze each of the given options one by one.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Question**: The question asks for the hormone that does not increase blood glucose concentration. We need to evaluate each option provided.

2. **Evaluating Epinephrine**:
- Epinephrine is known to increase blood glucose levels, especially during stress or fasting. It stimulates the liver to release glucose into the bloodstream and inhibits glucose uptake in insulin-dependent tissues.
- **Conclusion**: Epinephrine increases blood glucose concentration.

3. **Evaluating Glucagon**:
- Glucagon is produced by the alpha cells of the pancreas and plays a crucial role in raising blood glucose levels. It promotes the release of glucose from the liver and is considered a catabolic hormone.
- **Conclusion**: Glucagon increases blood glucose concentration.

4. **Evaluating Calcitonin**:
- Calcitonin is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland and primarily regulates calcium levels in the body. It does not have a significant effect on glucose metabolism or blood glucose levels.
- **Conclusion**: Calcitonin does not increase blood glucose concentration.

5. **Evaluating Cortisol**:
- Cortisol is a glucocorticoid hormone that increases blood glucose levels by promoting gluconeogenesis (the production of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources) and decreasing glycogen synthesis.
- **Conclusion**: Cortisol increases blood glucose concentration.

6. **Final Answer**: Based on the evaluations, the hormone that does not increase blood glucose concentration is **Calcitonin**.

### Summary:
The correct answer to the question is **Calcitonin**, as it does not have an effect on blood glucose levels, unlike epinephrine, glucagon, and cortisol, which all increase blood glucose concentration.

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