Which one of the following four glands is correctly matched with the accompanying description

Options

A. Thyroid - hyperactivity in young children causes cretinism.
B. Thymus - starts undergoing atrophy after puberty
C. Parathyroid - secretes parathormone which promotes movement of calcium ions from blood into bones during calcification.
D. Pancreas - Delta cells of the Islets of Langerhans secrete a hormone which stimulates glycolysis in liver

Answer

To determine which gland is correctly matched with its description, we will analyze each of the four glands provided in the question.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Examine the First Gland: Thyroid Gland**
- The thyroid gland is located below the larynx, around the trachea, and is butterfly-shaped.
- The statement claims that hyperactivity in young children causes cretinism.
- Cretinism is actually caused by **hyposecretion** of thyroxine, not hyperactivity. Hypersecretion leads to conditions like exophthalmic goiter.
- **Conclusion**: This gland is **not correctly matched**.

2. **Examine the Second Gland: Thymus**
- The thymus gland is located behind the sternum and releases thymosin, which is involved in the maturation of white blood cells (WBCs).
- The statement indicates that the thymus starts undergoing atrophy after puberty.
- This is correct; the thymus decreases in size as a person ages, particularly after puberty.
- **Conclusion**: This gland is **correctly matched**.

3. **Examine the Third Gland: Parathyroid Gland**
- The parathyroid gland is located behind the thyroid gland and secretes parathormone.
- The statement claims it promotes the movement of calcium ions from blood to bones during calcification.
- In reality, parathormone increases blood calcium levels by promoting the release of calcium from bones, not the movement of calcium into bones.
- **Conclusion**: This gland is **not correctly matched**.

4. **Examine the Fourth Gland: Pancreas**
- The pancreas contains alpha, beta, and delta cells, which secrete glucagon, insulin, and somatostatin, respectively.
- The statement claims that delta cells release a hormone that stimulates glycolysis in the liver.
- However, glycolysis is stimulated by glucagon (from alpha cells), not somatostatin (from delta cells).
- **Conclusion**: This gland is **not correctly matched**.

### Final Answer:
The only gland that is correctly matched with its description is the **thymus gland**, which starts undergoing atrophy after puberty.

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