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Toxic agents present in food which inter...

Toxic agents present in food which interfere with thyroxine synthsis lead to the development of

A

Thyrotoxicosis

B

Toxic goitre

C

Cretinism

D

Simple goitre

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### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Understanding the Role of Thyroxine**: - Thyroxine (T4) is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland that regulates metabolism, growth, and development. It is crucial for maintaining normal physiological functions. 2. **Identifying the Impact of Toxic Agents**: - Toxic agents in food can interfere with the synthesis of thyroxine. These agents can disrupt the normal functioning of the thyroid gland, leading to hormonal imbalances. 3. **Recognizing the Importance of Iodine**: - Iodine is an essential element required for the production of thyroid hormones, including thyroxine and triiodothyronine (T3). The body needs about 50 mg of iodine per year for adequate hormone production. 4. **Consequences of Iodine Deficiency**: - A lack of iodine in the diet prevents the production of thyroxine and triiodothyronine. Without these hormones, there is no feedback inhibition on the secretion of Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH) from the anterior pituitary gland. 5. **Increased TSH Levels**: - When thyroxine and triiodothyronine levels are low, the anterior pituitary gland secretes excessive amounts of TSH in an attempt to stimulate the thyroid gland to produce more thyroid hormones. 6. **Thyroid Gland Enlargement**: - The increased levels of TSH stimulate the thyroid cells to produce large amounts of thyroglobulin, leading to the accumulation of colloid in the thyroid follicles. This results in the enlargement of the thyroid gland. 7. **Defining Goiter**: - The condition characterized by an enlarged thyroid gland due to the accumulation of thyroglobulin and the lack of thyroid hormones is known as goiter. This enlargement can be 10 to 20 times larger than normal. 8. **Conclusion**: - Therefore, toxic agents that interfere with thyroxine synthesis, particularly through iodine deficiency, lead to the development of goiter. ### Final Answer: Toxic agents present in food which interfere with thyroxine synthesis lead to the development of **goiter**. ---
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TRUEMEN BIOLOGY ENGLISH-CHEMICAL COORDINATION AND INTEGRATION-Multiple choice questions
  1. Which one of the following pairs is incorrectly matched ?

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  2. Injury to adrenal cortex is not likely to affect the secretion of whic...

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  3. Toxic agents present in food which interfere with thyroxine synthsis l...

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  4. Match the source gland with its respective hormone as well as the func...

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  5. Given below is an incomplete table about certain hormones, their sourc...

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  6. Which one of the following pairs of hormones are the examples of those...

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  7. Select the correct matching of a hormone, its source and function.

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  8. The 24 hour (diurnal) rhythm of our body such as the sleep-wake cycle ...

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  9. The gland which regulates the level of calcium in the blood is

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  10. Hypothyroidism during pregnancy causes

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  11. During summer season, which hormone concentration is maintained at hig...

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  12. Somatostatin is produced by

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  13. Which of the following vitamins has some physiological effects similar...

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  14. Function of somatostatin is to

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  15. Thymosin hormone is secreted by

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  16. Gigantism and acromegaly are due to

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  17. Which of the following is not correct for the effect of parathormone ?

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  18. In females, hormone inhibin is secreted by

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  19. Mastergland, pituitary has a non - functional part in humans

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  20. The chemical nature of hormones secreted by alpha and delta cells of p...

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