Central Dogma of modern genetics is

Options

A. `DNAtoRNAto`protein
B. `DNAto"protein"toRNAto`protein
C. `RNAtoDNAtoRNAto`protein
D. `RNAtoRNAtoDNAto`protein

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Central Dogma**: The Central Dogma of molecular biology describes the flow of genetic information within a biological system. It was first articulated by Francis Crick in 1957.

2. **Components of the Central Dogma**:
- **DNA Replication**: The process begins with DNA, which can replicate itself to form identical copies. This is known as DNA replication.
- **Transcription**: The next step involves the transcription of DNA into messenger RNA (mRNA). This process uses various enzymes and is crucial for transferring the genetic information from DNA to RNA.
- **Translation**: Finally, the mRNA is translated into proteins. This process, known as translation, converts the genetic code carried by mRNA into functional proteins.

3. **Identifying the Correct Flow of Information**: The universal flow of genetic information according to the Central Dogma is:
- DNA → RNA → Protein

4. **Evaluating the Options**:
- **Option A**: DNA to RNA and then RNA to Protein (Correct)
- **Option B**: DNA to Protein (Incorrect, as proteins cannot be synthesized directly from DNA)
- **Option C**: RNA to DNA and then RNA (Incorrect)
- **Option D**: RNA to RNA and then DNA and Protein (Incorrect)

5. **Conclusion**: The correct answer is Option A: DNA to RNA and then RNA to Protein, which accurately represents the Central Dogma of molecular biology.

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