Genetic code was caracked (deciphered) by

Options

A. watson and crick
B. beadle and tatum
C. gamow
D. Nirenberg, mathaei and Khorana

Answer

To answer the question "Genetic code was cracked (deciphered) by," we will analyze the options provided and identify the correct answer step by step.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Question**: The question asks who deciphered the genetic code, which is the set of rules by which information encoded in genetic material is translated into proteins.

2. **Reviewing the Options**:
- **Option 1: Watson and Crick**: They are known for discovering the double helical structure of DNA, but they did not decipher the genetic code.
- **Option 2: Beadle and Tatum**: They proposed the one gene, one enzyme hypothesis, which relates genes to enzymes but does not involve deciphering the genetic code.
- **Option 3: Gamow**: He was a physicist and cosmologist known for his work on the Big Bang theory and did not contribute to deciphering the genetic code.
- **Option 4: Nirenberg, Matthaei, and Khurana**: These scientists are credited with deciphering the genetic code by conducting experiments that determined which codons correspond to which amino acids.

3. **Identifying the Correct Answer**: Based on the analysis of each option, the correct answer is **Nirenberg, Matthaei, and Khurana**. They conducted key experiments that led to the understanding of how sequences of nucleotides in DNA correspond to amino acids in proteins.

4. **Conclusion**: Therefore, the genetic code was cracked by **Nirenberg, Matthaei, and Khurana**.