[A]: Due to excessive use of fertilizers, the available water to the plants becomes hypo- tonic in relation to cell sap.
[R]: The water molecules, as a result, diffuse out of the cells due to endosmosis.

Options

A. If both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. If both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. If A is true and R is false
D. If both A and R are false

Answer

To analyze the statements provided in the question, we will break down the concepts of hypotonic and hypertonic solutions, the effects of excessive fertilizer use on plant cells, and the processes of endosmosis and exosmosis.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Terms**:
- **Hypotonic Solution**: A solution that has a lower concentration of solutes compared to another solution (in this case, the cell sap). Water moves into the cell, causing it to swell.
- **Hypertonic Solution**: A solution that has a higher concentration of solutes compared to another solution. Water moves out of the cell, causing it to shrink.

2. **Effect of Excessive Fertilizers**:
- Excessive use of fertilizers increases the concentration of solutes in the soil solution. This leads to the surrounding water becoming hypertonic relative to the cell sap inside the plant cells.

3. **Movement of Water**:
- In a hypertonic environment, water will move out of the plant cells to balance the solute concentrations. This process is known as **exosmosis**, where water exits the cell.

4. **Analyzing Statement [A]**:
- Statement [A] claims that the available water to the plants becomes hypotonic in relation to cell sap. This is incorrect because, due to excessive fertilizers, the water becomes hypertonic compared to the cell sap.

5. **Analyzing Statement [R]**:
- Statement [R] states that water molecules diffuse out of the cells due to endosmosis. This is also incorrect because the correct term for the movement of water out of the cell is exosmosis, not endosmosis.

6. **Conclusion**:
- Both statements [A] and [R] are false. The water surrounding the plant cells becomes hypertonic due to excessive fertilizers, leading to the process of exosmosis where water moves out of the cells.

### Final Answer:
Both statements [A] and [R] are false.

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