[A]: Convergent evolution leads to pro_duct1on of analogous similarities among different groups of organisms.
[R]: Animals of the same grou~ or closely r~- lated groups exhibit great divergences in their morphology

Options

A. If both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. If both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. If A is true and R is false
D. If both A and R are false

Answer

To address the question regarding convergent evolution and the divergence of morphology among closely related groups, we can break down the solution into clear steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Convergent Evolution**:
- Convergent evolution occurs when different species evolve similar traits or functions independently, often because they adapt to similar environments or ecological niches. This results in analogous structures, which serve similar functions but do not share a common evolutionary ancestor.

2. **Definition of Analogous Structures**:
- Analogous structures are features in different species that perform similar functions but have different evolutionary origins. For example, the wings of bats and insects serve the same function (flight) but evolved independently.

3. **Assertion Analysis**:
- The assertion states that convergent evolution leads to the production of analogous similarities among different groups of organisms. This is true because convergent evolution results in organisms from different lineages developing similar traits due to similar environmental pressures.

4. **Reason Analysis**:
- The reason provided states that animals of the same group or closely related groups exhibit great divergences in their morphology. This statement is also true, as closely related species can adapt to different environments, leading to diverse morphological traits.

5. **Linking Assertion and Reason**:
- While both the assertion and the reason are true statements, the reason does not adequately explain the assertion. The reason discusses divergence within closely related groups, while the assertion focuses on convergence among unrelated groups.

6. **Conclusion**:
- Therefore, the assertion is true, and the reason is true, but the reason does not justify the assertion. They are related concepts in evolution, but one does not explain the other.