[A]: Demography is the study of human popu- lation growth & production of future develop- ment.
[R]: Demographic cycle possess three stages through which nation passes.

Options

A. If both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. If both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. If A is true and R is false
D. If both A and R are false

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Assertion (A)**:
- The assertion states that "Demography is the study of human population growth and production of future development."
- This is true because demography encompasses the analysis of population dynamics, including birth rates, death rates, and trends that affect future growth and development.

2. **Understanding the Reason (R)**:
- The reason states that "Demographic cycle possesses three stages through which a nation passes."
- This statement is false because the demographic cycle actually consists of four stages, not three.

3. **Evaluating the Relationship Between A and R**:
- Since the assertion is true and the reason is false, we need to determine the correct option based on the provided statements.
- The options provided include:
- Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
- Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
- A is true, and R is false.
- Both A and R are false.

4. **Conclusion**:
- Based on our analysis, the correct conclusion is that the assertion is true while the reason is false. Therefore, the answer is option three: "Assertion is true and reason is false."

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