[A]: Alcohol intake during pregnancy is not advisable.
[R]: Alcohol causes foetal alcohol syndrome (FAS).

Options

A. If both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. If both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. If A is true and R is false
D. If both A and R are false

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Question**: The question states that alcohol intake during pregnancy is not advisable (A) and provides a reasoning (R) that alcohol causes fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS). We need to determine if both statements are true and if the reasoning correctly explains the statement.

2. **Analyzing Statement A**: The statement "Alcohol intake during pregnancy is not advisable" is widely accepted in medical and scientific communities. It is known that consuming alcohol during pregnancy can lead to various complications for the fetus.

3. **Understanding Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)**: Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is a condition that results from alcohol exposure during pregnancy. It can cause physical, behavioral, and learning problems in the child. This syndrome is characterized by growth deficiencies, facial abnormalities, and central nervous system issues.

4. **Connection Between A and R**: The reasoning (R) states that alcohol causes fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS). This is a valid explanation for why alcohol intake during pregnancy is not advisable. The presence of alcohol in the mother’s bloodstream can cross the placenta and affect the developing fetus, leading to FAS.

5. **Conclusion**: Both statements (A and R) are true. Statement A is correct because alcohol intake during pregnancy is indeed not advisable, and reasoning R is correct because it accurately explains the harmful effects of alcohol, specifically the risk of fetal alcohol syndrome.

6. **Final Answer**: Both A and R are true, and R correctly explains A.

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