Which of the following statements, support the view that elaborate sexual reproductive process appeared much later in the organic evolution ?
(i) Lower groups of organisms have simpler body design.
(ii) Asexual reproduction is common in lower groups.
(iii) Asexual reproduction is common in higher groups of organisms.
(iv) The high incidence of sexual reproduction in angiosperms and vertebrates.
Choose the correct answer given below.

Options

A. i and iii
B. i ii and iv
C. ii and iv
D. ii and iii

Answer

To determine which statements support the view that elaborate sexual reproductive processes appeared much later in organic evolution, we will analyze each statement provided in the question.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Context**:
- The question asks us to identify statements that support the idea that sexual reproduction evolved later than asexual reproduction in the history of life.

2. **Analyzing Each Statement**:
- **Statement (i)**: "Lower groups of organisms have simpler body design."
- This statement is true. Lower organisms, which are simpler in structure, do not require complex reproductive strategies. This supports the view that sexual reproduction, being more complex, evolved later.

- **Statement (ii)**: "Asexual reproduction is common in lower groups."
- This statement is also true. Lower organisms primarily reproduce asexually, which is simpler and more efficient for their simpler body designs. This further supports the idea that sexual reproduction came later.

- **Statement (iii)**: "Asexual reproduction is common in higher groups of organisms."
- This statement is false. Higher organisms typically exhibit sexual reproduction due to their complex body structures. This does not support the view that sexual reproduction evolved later.

- **Statement (iv)**: "The high incidence of sexual reproduction in angiosperms and vertebrates."
- This statement is true. Angiosperms (flowering plants) and vertebrates (higher animals) show a high incidence of sexual reproduction, indicating that as organisms evolved to be more complex, sexual reproduction became more common. This supports the view that sexual reproduction appeared later in evolution.

3. **Conclusion**:
- Based on the analysis, the statements that support the view that elaborate sexual reproductive processes appeared much later in organic evolution are:
- (i) Lower groups of organisms have simpler body design.
- (ii) Asexual reproduction is common in lower groups.
- (iv) The high incidence of sexual reproduction in angiosperms and vertebrates.
- Therefore, the correct answer is statements (i), (ii), and (iv).

### Final Answer:
The correct statements are (i), (ii), and (iv).

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