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alpha-1 antitrypsin is...

`alpha-1` antitrypsin is

A

an antacid

B

an enzyme

C

used to treat arthritis

D

used to treat emphysema

Text Solution

AI Generated Solution

The correct Answer is:
**Step-by-Step Solution:** 1. **Understanding Alpha-1 Antitrypsin**: - Alpha-1 antitrypsin (A1AT) is a protein that belongs to the serpin superfamily. It plays a crucial role in protecting tissues from enzymes of inflammatory cells, particularly neutrophil elastase. 2. **Gene Encoding**: - In humans, alpha-1 antitrypsin is encoded by the SERPINA1 gene. This gene is responsible for producing the A1AT protein. 3. **Function of Alpha-1 Antitrypsin**: - A1AT functions primarily as a protease inhibitor. It inhibits various proteases, including trypsin, which is why it is sometimes referred to as the serum trypsin inhibitor. 4. **Clinical Significance**: - A deficiency in alpha-1 antitrypsin can lead to serious health issues, particularly affecting the lungs. This deficiency is an autosomal co-dominant disorder, which can result in chronic lung diseases such as emphysema. 5. **Treatment Implications**: - Alpha-1 antitrypsin is used in therapeutic contexts, particularly for treating conditions like emphysema, which is characterized by the degradation of lung tissues due to the lack of this protective protein. 6. **Conclusion**: - Based on the information, alpha-1 antitrypsin is not an antacid or an enzyme used to treat arthritis; it is specifically used to treat emphysema. **Final Answer**: Alpha-1 antitrypsin is used to treat emphysema. ---
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