Which one of the following is an endangered plant species of India?

Options

A. Rauwolfia serpentina
B. Santalum album (Sandal wood)
C. Cycas beddomei
D. All of the above

Answer

To determine which of the following is an endangered plant species of India, we need to analyze each option provided in the question. The options are:

1. **Rauwolfia serpentina**
2. **Centella asiatica** (also referred to as Centellum album)
3. **Cycus bedomi**
4. **All of the above**

### Step-by-Step Solution:

**Step 1: Understand the definition of endangered species.**
- Endangered species are those that are at risk of extinction due to a drastic decline in their population. This can be caused by factors such as habitat loss, over-exploitation, or environmental changes.

**Step 2: Analyze Rauwolfia serpentina.**
- Rauwolfia serpentina is known for its medicinal properties, particularly for the alkaloid reserpine, which is used to treat hypertension. Due to its medicinal value, it has been over-exploited, leading to its classification as an endangered species.

**Step 3: Analyze Centella asiatica (Centellum album).**
- Centella asiatica, commonly known as the Gotu Kola or Indian pennywort, is also known for its medicinal properties. While it is used in traditional medicine, it is not as critically endangered as some other species. However, it can still be affected by over-exploitation.

**Step 4: Analyze Cycus bedomi.**
- Cycus bedomi is a plant that has a very limited distribution, confined to a small area in Andhra Pradesh. It has medicinal uses as well, particularly in treating rheumatoid arthritis. Due to its restricted habitat and medicinal value, it is also classified as endangered.

**Step 5: Conclusion.**
- All three plants listed (Rauwolfia serpentina, Centella asiatica, and Cycus bedomi) are endangered due to their medicinal uses and the threat of over-exploitation. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is **All of the above**.

### Final Answer:
**All of the above** (Rauwolfia serpentina, Centella asiatica, Cycus bedomi) are endangered plant species of India.

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