The extinction of passenger pigeon was due to (A) increased number of predatory birds (B) over exploitation by humans (C) non-availability of the food (D) bird flu virus infection

Options

A. increased number of predatory birds
B. over exploitation by humans
C. non-availability of the food
D. bird flu virus infection

Answer

To solve the question regarding the extinction of the passenger pigeon, we need to analyze each option provided:

1. **Understanding the Passenger Pigeon**: The passenger pigeon was once one of the most abundant bird species in North America. They were known for their massive flocks that could darken the sky.

2. **Evaluating the Options**:
- **(A) Increased number of predatory birds**: This option suggests that the extinction was due to an increase in birds that preyed on passenger pigeons. However, there is no significant evidence to support that predatory birds were responsible for their extinction.
- **(B) Overexploitation by humans**: This option refers to the excessive hunting and exploitation of the passenger pigeon by humans. Historical records indicate that passenger pigeons were hunted on a massive scale for food and sport, leading to their drastic population decline.
- **(C) Non-availability of food**: While food availability can impact bird populations, the primary cause of the passenger pigeon's extinction was not due to a lack of food but rather due to human activities.
- **(D) Bird flu virus infection**: There is no historical evidence linking bird flu or any similar virus to the extinction of the passenger pigeon.

3. **Conclusion**: After evaluating all the options, it is clear that the primary reason for the extinction of the passenger pigeon was due to **overexploitation by humans**. This includes both hunting and habitat destruction through deforestation.

Thus, the correct answer is:
**(B) over exploitation by humans**.