Advantage of cleistogamy is

Options

A. No dependence on pollinators
B. Vivipary
C. Higher genetic variability
D. More vigorous offspring

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Cleistogamy**: Cleistogamy refers to a type of flowering where the flowers remain closed and do not open. This is a key characteristic of cleistogamous flowers.

2. **Pollination Mechanism**: In cleistogamous flowers, the anthers are not exposed to the external environment. This means that pollinators (like bees or butterflies) cannot access the pollen. Instead, the pollen grains from the anthers fall directly onto the stigma of the same flower.

3. **Self-Pollination**: Since the pollen from the anthers falls onto the stigma of the same flower, this process is known as self-pollination. There is no need for external pollinators to facilitate this process.

4. **Advantages of Cleistogamy**:
- **Independence from Pollinators**: One of the main advantages of cleistogamy is that these flowers do not depend on pollinators for reproduction. This is particularly beneficial in environments where pollinators are scarce or unreliable.
- **Guaranteed Fertilization**: Since the pollen falls directly onto the stigma, there is a higher likelihood of successful fertilization occurring.

5. **Lack of Genetic Variation**: While the question specifically asks for advantages, it is important to note that cleistogamous flowers do not promote genetic variation as they primarily involve self-pollination. This can be seen as a disadvantage, but it ensures that the plant can reproduce even in isolation.

**Final Answer**: The main advantage of cleistogamy is that it does not require pollinators for reproduction, ensuring successful fertilization even in the absence of external agents.

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