The DNA molecule to which the gene of interest is integrated for cloning is called :

Options

A. transformer
B. vector
C. template
D. carrier

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Concept of Cloning**: Cloning involves transferring a specific gene of interest from one organism (Organism A) to another (Organism B). This process requires a medium to carry the gene.

2. **Identifying the Role of a Vector**: In genetic engineering, a vector acts as a vehicle that carries the gene of interest. It is essential for the integration and transfer of this gene into the target organism.

3. **Integration of Gene of Interest**: The gene of interest is isolated and then integrated into the vector. This process transforms the vector into a new entity that contains the foreign DNA.

4. **Defining Recombinant DNA**: Once the gene of interest is incorporated into the vector, the resulting DNA molecule is referred to as recombinant DNA. This term specifically denotes the combination of the vector and the foreign gene.

5. **Characteristics of Vectors**: Vectors must have the ability to replicate independently within the host organism. They often possess features that allow them to multiply and ensure the gene of interest is expressed in the new host.

6. **Common Types of Vectors**: Plasmids, which are small circular DNA molecules found in bacteria, are commonly used as vectors due to their ability to replicate independently and carry foreign DNA.

7. **Final Answer**: Therefore, the DNA molecule to which the gene of interest is integrated for cloning is called a **vector**.

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