Which of the following is not a component of downstream processing

Options

A. Separation
B. Purification
C. Preservation
D. Expression

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Downstream Processing**: Downstream processing refers to the steps involved after the biosynthetic stage of biotechnology, where the desired product has been produced. This stage is crucial for preparing the product for market release.

2. **Identifying Components of Downstream Processing**: The main components of downstream processing include:
- **Separation**: This step involves isolating the desired product from the fermentation broth or the mixture in which it was produced.
- **Purification**: After separation, the product needs to be purified to remove any contaminants or unwanted materials.
- **Preservation**: Techniques may be employed to enhance the shelf life of the product.

3. **Evaluating the Options**: The question asks which of the following is NOT a component of downstream processing. Based on the definitions:
- **Separation** is a component.
- **Purification** is also a component.
- **Preservation** is included as a technique used in downstream processing.

4. **Conclusion**: The component that is NOT part of downstream processing is **expression**. Expression refers to the process of producing the desired product, typically during the biosynthetic stage, and is not considered part of downstream processing.

**Final Answer**: Expression is not a component of downstream processing.

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