Which one is not included under in situ conservation ?

Options

A. National Park
B. Sanctuary
C. Botanical garden
D. Biosphere reserve

Answer

To determine which option is not included under in situ conservation, we first need to understand the definitions of in situ and ex situ conservation.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Define In Situ Conservation**:
- In situ conservation refers to the conservation of species in their natural habitats. This means protecting the animals and plants in the environments where they naturally occur.

2. **Define Ex Situ Conservation**:
- Ex situ conservation involves the protection of species by removing them from their natural habitats. This includes practices such as keeping species in botanical gardens, zoos, or seed banks.

3. **Identify the Options**:
- The options given are:
1. National Park
2. Sanctuary
3. Botanical Garden
4. Biosphere Reserve

4. **Analyze Each Option**:
- **National Park**: This is an area designated for the protection of wildlife and is an example of in situ conservation.
- **Sanctuary**: Similar to national parks, sanctuaries protect wildlife in their natural habitats, thus it is also in situ conservation.
- **Botanical Garden**: This is a place where plants are cultivated and displayed outside their natural habitats, making it an example of ex situ conservation.
- **Biosphere Reserve**: This is a protected area that aims to conserve biological diversity and promote sustainable development, and it is also considered in situ conservation.

5. **Conclusion**:
- The option that is not included under in situ conservation is the **Botanical Garden** (Option 3).

### Final Answer:
The correct answer is **Botanical Garden**.

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