Define aneuploidy. Name the aneuploid disease which occurs as a result of following chromosomal abnormalities: Presence of additional copy of chromosome X i.e., XXX.

presence of an additional copy of the chromosome number 21 is

Define aneuploidy. How is it different from polyploidy? Describe the individuals having following chromosomal abnormalities. Trisomy of 21st Chromosome XXY X0.

Name the staage of cell cycle at which one of the following events occur: Chromosomes are moved

Name the stage of cycle at which one of the following events occur: Chromosomes are moved to spindle equator.

Name the stage of cell cycle at which one of the following events occur: Crossing over between homologous chromosomes takes place.

Name the stage of cell cycle at which one of the following events occur: Pairing between homologous chromosomes takes place.

Read the given passage and answers following questions : The particles of colloidal solution possess electrical charge which is responsible for the stability of these solutions. The charge on colloidal particles arises because of selective adsorption of ions which are common with their own lattice. The presence of charge on colloidal particles can be determined with the help of phenomenon known as electrophoresis. However, when some electrolyte is added, the charge on the particles of, dispersed phase gets neutralized and precipitation takes place. This process is also called coagulation. The coagulation is given by Hardy Schulze rules. According to these rules the ions carrying the charge opposite to that of sol particles are effective and coagulating power of an electrolyte is directly proportional to the fourth power of the valency of the ion. Coagulation can also occur by mutual precipitation , by electrophoresis, by persistent dialysis or by heating or cooling. Answer the following questions : Name the other ways by which coagulation can occur.