(i) Define the term functional group. Identify the functional group present in
`(a) H-overset(O)overset(||)(C)-H`, (b) `H-underset(H)underset(|)overset(H)overset(|)H-overset(OH)overset(|)(C)=O`
(ii) What happens when 5% alkaline `KMnO_(4)` solution is added drop by drop to warm ethanol taken in a test-tube ? State the role of alkaline `KMnO_(4)` solution in this reaction.

Explanation

(i) Functional group-Hetero atom or group of atoms attached to the carbon chain, which gives specific properties to the compounds, is called a functional group.
(a) Aldehyde group, (b) Carboxylic acid
(ii) Acetic/Ethanoic acid is formed. It is an oxidizing agent.