A nitrogen nucleus `7^(N^(14))` absorbs a neutron and can transfrom into lithium nucleus `3^(Li^(7))` under suitable conditions, after emitting :

Options

A. 4 protons and 5 neutrons
B. 1 alpha particles and 2 gamma particles
C. 1 alpha particle 3 protons and 1 negative beta particle
D. 4 protons and 4 neutrons

Answer

To solve the problem of a nitrogen nucleus \( ^{14}_{7}N \) absorbing a neutron and transforming into a lithium nucleus \( ^{7}_{3}Li \), we need to analyze the nuclear reaction in terms of mass number and atomic number (charge).

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Initial Nucleus and the Neutron:**
- The nitrogen nucleus is \( ^{14}_{7}N \).
- A neutron is represented as \( ^{1}_{0}n \).

2. **Calculate the Total Mass Number and Charge Number on the Left Side:**
- The mass number of nitrogen is 14, and the charge number (atomic number) is 7.
- The neutron has a mass number of 1 and a charge number of 0.
- Therefore, the total mass number on the left side is:
\[ 14 + 1 = 15 \]
- The total charge number on the left side is:
\[ 7 + 0 = 7 \]

3. **Identify the Product Nucleus:**
- The product of the reaction is \( ^{7}_{3}Li \).
- The lithium nucleus has a mass number of 7 and a charge number of 3.

4. **Determine the Missing Particle:**
- Let’s denote the emitted particle as \( X \).
- We need to ensure that the total mass number and charge number on the right side equals those on the left side.
- The total mass number on the right side (including \( X \)) must be:
\[ 15 = 7 + \text{mass number of } X \]
This gives:
\[ \text{mass number of } X = 15 - 7 = 8 \]
- The total charge number on the right side must be:
\[ 7 = 3 + \text{charge number of } X \]
This gives:
\[ \text{charge number of } X = 7 - 3 = 4 \]

5. **Identify the Emitted Particle:**
- The emitted particle with a mass number of 8 and a charge number of 4 corresponds to an alpha particle \( ^{4}_{2}\alpha \) or 4 protons and 4 neutrons.
- However, since we need to balance the equation, we find that the emitted particle is actually a combination of particles that can balance the equation.

6. **Final Reaction Equation:**
- The complete reaction can be written as:
\[ ^{14}_{7}N + ^{1}_{0}n \rightarrow ^{7}_{3}Li + ^{8}_{4}X \]
- The particle \( X \) is likely a combination of particles (like 4 protons and 4 neutrons).

7. **Conclusion:**
- The emitted particle is \( ^{8}_{4}He \) (an alpha particle).

### Final Answer:
The nitrogen nucleus \( ^{14}_{7}N \) absorbs a neutron and transforms into lithium nucleus \( ^{7}_{3}Li \) after emitting an alpha particle \( ^{4}_{2}He \).