Assertion: On going away from a point charge or a small electric dipole, electric field decreases at the same rate in both the cases
Reason: Electric field is inversly proportional to square of distance from the charge or an electric dipole.

Options

A. If both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
B. If both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion
C. If Assertion is true but Reason is false
D. If both Assertion and Reason are false

Answer

To solve the question, we need to analyze both the assertion and the reason provided.

### Step 1: Understand the Assertion
The assertion states that "on going away from a point charge or a small electric dipole, the electric field decreases at the same rate in both cases."

- For a point charge \( Q \), the electric field \( E \) at a distance \( r \) is given by:
\[ E = \frac{kQ}{r^2} \]
where \( k \) is Coulomb's constant.

- For a small electric dipole, the electric field \( E \) at a distance \( r \) (where \( r \) is much larger than the separation of the dipole) is given by:
\[ E = \frac{k \cdot p}{r^3} \]
where \( p \) is the dipole moment.

### Step 2: Compare the Rates of Decrease
From the formulas:
- The electric field due to a point charge decreases with the square of the distance (\( \frac{1}{r^2} \)).
- The electric field due to a dipole decreases with the cube of the distance (\( \frac{1}{r^3} \)).

This indicates that the electric field decreases at different rates for a point charge and a dipole. Therefore, the assertion is **false**.

### Step 3: Understand the Reason
The reason states that "the electric field is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the charge or an electric dipole."

- For a point charge, this statement is true as it follows the \( \frac{1}{r^2} \) relationship.
- However, for an electric dipole, the statement is incorrect because the electric field decreases with \( \frac{1}{r^3} \).

Since the reason incorrectly applies the relationship to the dipole, the reason is also **false**.

### Conclusion
Both the assertion and the reason are false. Therefore, the correct answer is that both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.

### Final Answer
Both the assertion and the reason are false.

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