By mistake, a voltmeter is connected in series and an ammeter is connected in parallel, with a resistance in an electrical circuit. What will happen to the instruments?

Options

A. Both ammeter and voltmeter will be damaged
B. Neither the ammeter nor the voltmeter will be damaged
C. Only the ammeter will be damaged
D. Only the voltmeter will be damaged

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution

1. **Understanding the Configuration**:
- We have a resistance (R) in an electrical circuit.
- A voltmeter is mistakenly connected in series with this resistance.
- An ammeter is connected in parallel with the same resistance.

2. **Analyzing the Voltmeter Connection**:
- A voltmeter is designed to measure the potential difference across two points in a circuit.
- It has a very high internal resistance (R_v). When connected in series, the total resistance in the circuit increases significantly.
- Due to this high resistance, the current (I) flowing through the circuit becomes very low (I_min).
- The voltmeter will measure the potential difference across the resistance, and since it is designed for this purpose, it will provide a reading without being damaged.

3. **Analyzing the Ammeter Connection**:
- An ammeter is designed to measure the current flowing through a circuit and has a very low internal resistance (R_a).
- When connected in parallel with the resistance, the current will divide between the resistance and the ammeter.
- Since the ammeter has low resistance, it will allow a small amount of current to flow through it.
- However, because the overall current in the circuit is low (due to the high resistance of the voltmeter in series), the ammeter will also not show a significant reading and will not be damaged.

4. **Conclusion**:
- Both the voltmeter and the ammeter will operate without damage in this configuration.
- The voltmeter will show a reading corresponding to the potential difference across the resistance, while the ammeter will show a very low reading due to the low current in the circuit.

### Final Answer:
Neither the ammeter nor the voltmeter will be damaged in this configuration.

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