Assertion : Systematic errors and random errors fall in the same group of errors.
Reason : Both systematic and random errors are based on the cause of error.

Options

A. If both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explaination of Assertion.
B. If both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explaination of Assertion.
C. If Assertion is true but Reason is false.
D. If Assertion is false but Reason is true.

Answer

To solve the question, we need to analyze the assertion and the reason provided.

### Step 1: Understand the Assertion
The assertion states that "Systematic errors and random errors fall in the same group of errors."
- **Explanation**: Systematic errors are consistent and repeatable errors that occur due to flaws in the measurement system, such as calibration issues. Random errors, on the other hand, are unpredictable variations that occur due to inherent uncertainties in the measurement process.

### Step 2: Understand the Reason
The reason states that "Both systematic and random errors are based on the cause of error."
- **Explanation**: This statement implies that both types of errors can be categorized based on their origins. Systematic errors arise from identifiable causes, while random errors arise from unpredictable variations.

### Step 3: Analyze the Relationship
Now, we need to evaluate if the reason correctly explains the assertion.
- **Analysis**: While both systematic and random errors can be classified as errors in measurements, they are fundamentally different in nature. Systematic errors are not random; they have a consistent pattern, while random errors vary unpredictably. Therefore, while both types of errors are indeed errors, they do not fall into the same group in terms of their characteristics.

### Step 4: Conclusion
- The assertion is **false** because systematic and random errors do not fall into the same group of errors.
- The reason is **true** in that both types of errors can be categorized based on their causes, but it does not provide a correct explanation for the assertion.

### Final Answer
- The assertion is false, and the reason is true. Therefore, the correct option is that the reason does not correctly explain the assertion.

---