Which of the following is diamagetic ?

Options

A. Aluminium
B. Quartz
C. Nickel
D. Bismuth

Answer

To determine which of the given substances is diamagnetic, we need to analyze each option based on their magnetic properties.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand the Types of Magnetism**:
- **Diamagnetic**: Materials that are weakly repelled by a magnetic field. They have no unpaired electrons.
- **Paramagnetic**: Materials that are weakly attracted by a magnetic field and have some unpaired electrons.
- **Ferromagnetic**: Materials that are strongly attracted by a magnetic field and can retain magnetization.

2. **Analyze Each Option**:
- **Aluminum**:
- Aluminum is known to be a paramagnetic material because it has unpaired electrons.
- **Quartz**:
- Quartz is generally considered a diamagnetic material, but its diamagnetic properties are very weak compared to other substances.
- **Nickel**:
- Nickel is a ferromagnetic material, which means it is strongly attracted to magnetic fields and has unpaired electrons.
- **Bismuth**:
- Bismuth is a well-known diamagnetic material and exhibits strong diamagnetic properties.

3. **Conclusion**:
- Among the options provided, the only substance that is a strong diamagnetic material is **bismuth**.

### Final Answer:
The diamagnetic substance among the options is **bismuth**.