For production of characteristic `K_(beta) X - rays` , the electron transition is

Options

A. n=2 to n=1
B. n=3 to n=2
C. n=3 to n=1
D. n=4 to n=2

Answer

To determine the correct electron transition for the production of characteristic K-beta X-rays, we need to analyze the options provided and understand the concept of electron transitions in atomic physics.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Characteristic X-rays**:
- Characteristic X-rays are produced when an electron transitions from a higher energy level to a lower energy level within an atom. The energy difference between these levels corresponds to the energy of the emitted X-ray.

2. **Identifying K-beta X-rays**:
- K-beta X-rays specifically refer to transitions involving the K-shell (n=1) and higher energy levels. The K-beta transition typically involves an electron falling from the L-shell (n=2) or M-shell (n=3) to the K-shell (n=1).

3. **Analyzing the Options**:
- **Option 1**: n = 2 to n = 1
- This transition produces K-alpha X-rays, not K-beta.
- **Option 2**: n = 3 to n = 2
- This transition does not involve the K-shell; hence, it does not produce K-beta X-rays.
- **Option 3**: n = 3 to n = 1
- This transition involves an electron moving from the M-shell (n=3) to the K-shell (n=1), which is characteristic of K-beta X-rays.
- **Option 4**: n = 4 to n = 2
- This transition also does not involve the K-shell and does not produce K-beta X-rays.

4. **Conclusion**:
- The correct transition for the production of K-beta X-rays is from n = 3 to n = 1.

Thus, the answer is **Option 3: n = 3 to n = 1**.