Steps of the genetic engineering process through which new gene become the part of genetic constitution of target cell are given in disorder form. Write them in correct sequence.

Aluminium is prepared industrially by Hall- Heroult process. Various steps in the concentration of ore are given below. Write them in the correct order. i)The precipitate formed is separated, washed and strongly heated to get alumina. ii) Crushed bauxite is leached with hot sodium hydroxide solution. iii) Impurities are removed from the sodium aluminate solution by filtration. iv) Solution is diluted after adding a little aluminium hydroxide, to precipitate aluminium hydroxide .

Read the following statements carefully and select the appropriate option given below. (i) Reproduction is defined as a biological process in which an organism gives rise to the young ones (offspring) similar to itself. (ii) Adventitious buds arise from the notches present at margins of leaves of Bryophyllum. (iii) Asexual reproduction is common among single celled organisms, and in plants and animals with relatively simple organisations. (iv) A few plants exhibit unusual flowering phenomenon, some of them such as bamboo species flower only once in their life time, generally after 50-100 years. (v) The events of asexual reproduction though elaborate and complex, follow a regular sequence.

Following are the various steps of recombinant DNA technology. Arrange them in correct sequential order. i. Obtaining the foreign gene product ii. Amplification of gene of interest using PCR. iii. Cutting of DNA at specific locations. iv. Downstream processing. v. Insertion of recombinant DNA into the host cell/organism. vi. Isolation of genetic material.