Genes are made up of

Options

A. Histones
B. Hydrocarbons
C. Polynucleotides
D. Lipoproteins

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Definition of Genes**:
- Genes are defined as the functional segments of DNA. They are the basic units of heredity and carry the instructions for the development and functioning of living organisms.

2. **Composition of Genes**:
- Genes are primarily made up of DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid). DNA is the molecule that contains the genetic instructions used in the growth, development, functioning, and reproduction of all known living organisms and many viruses.

3. **Structure of DNA**:
- DNA itself is composed of smaller units called nucleotides. Each nucleotide consists of three components: a phosphate group, a sugar molecule (deoxyribose), and a nitrogenous base (adenine, thymine, cytosine, or guanine).

4. **Polynucleotide Chains**:
- DNA is structured as a double helix, where two long strands of nucleotides are twisted around each other. Each strand is a polynucleotide chain, meaning it is made up of many nucleotides linked together.

5. **Conclusion**:
- Therefore, we can conclude that genes are made up of DNA, and DNA is made up of polynucleotide chains. Thus, genes can be ultimately described as being made up of polynucleotides.