Assertion: Mutations are necessary for the survival of the species.
Reason: Lack of mutation gives a temporary advantage to a species in an unchanged environment. a) If both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion. b) If both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is not the correct explanation of the Assertion. c) If Assertion is true but the Reason is false. d) If both Assertion and Reason are false.

Options

A. If both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion.
B. If both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is not the correct explanation of the Assertion.
C. If Assertion is true but the Reason is false.
D. If both Assertion and Reason are false.

Answer

To solve the question, we need to analyze both the assertion and the reason provided.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Assertion**:
- The assertion states that "Mutations are necessary for the survival of the species."
- This is true because mutations introduce genetic variation, which is essential for evolution and adaptation to changing environments. Without mutations, a species may not be able to adapt to new challenges, such as diseases or climate changes.

2. **Understanding the Reason**:
- The reason states that "Lack of mutation gives a temporary advantage to a species in an unchanged environment."
- This statement is also true. In a stable environment, a lack of mutations can mean that a species maintains its successful traits without the risk of harmful mutations. However, this advantage is temporary because if the environment changes, the species may not have the necessary variations to adapt.

3. **Analyzing the Relationship**:
- The assertion and reason are both true. However, the reason does not correctly explain the assertion. The assertion emphasizes the necessity of mutations for long-term survival and adaptability, while the reason discusses a temporary advantage in a stable environment. Thus, the reason does not provide a valid explanation for why mutations are necessary.

4. **Conclusion**:
- Since both the assertion and reason are true, but the reason does not correctly explain the assertion, the correct answer is option **b)**: If both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is not the correct explanation of the Assertion.