To determine the correct sequence of evolution of organisms in the five kingdoms, we need to analyze the options provided based on the five-kingdom classification proposed by R.H. Whittaker.
### Step-by-Step Solution:
1. **Understanding the Five Kingdoms**: The five kingdoms are Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia. Each kingdom represents a different group of organisms with distinct characteristics.
2. **Identifying the Origin**: The first kingdom to appear on Earth is Monera, which consists of unicellular prokaryotic organisms (e.g., bacteria). This is the starting point of evolution.
3. **Evolution to Protista**: From Monera, the next stage in evolution is the emergence of Protista. Protists are primarily unicellular eukaryotic organisms, indicating a transition from prokaryotic to eukaryotic life forms.
4. **Divergence from Protista**: After the Protista kingdom, the organisms further evolved into three distinct groups:
- **Fungi**: These can be unicellular or multicellular eukaryotic organisms that are heterotrophic.
- **Plantae**: These are multicellular eukaryotic organisms that are autotrophic, capable of photosynthesis.
- **Animalia**: These are also multicellular eukaryotic organisms that are heterotrophic.
5. **Analyzing the Options**:
- **Option A**: Monera to Fungi to Protists to Plants to Animals - This is incorrect as it does not follow the correct evolutionary sequence.
- **Option B**: Monera to Protists, from Protists separately to Fungi, Plants, and Animals - This correctly describes the evolutionary sequence.
- **Option C**: Protists to Monera to Fungi, from Fungi separately to Plants and Animals - This is incorrect as it places Protists before Monera.
- **Option D**: Monera to Protists, separately to Animals and Plants with Fungi, a loss of plant photosynthesis - This is also incorrect as it misrepresents the relationship between these kingdoms.
6. **Conclusion**: The most accurate description of the evolution of organisms in the five kingdoms is given by **Option B**: Monera to Protists, from Protists separately to Fungi, Plants, and Animals.
### Final Answer:
**(b) Monera to Protists, from Protists separately to Fungi, Plants, and Animals.**
